Euro to United States Dollar Exchange Rate History: 2000–2026
This page provides historical exchange rates for the United States dollar (USD) against the euro (EUR) and for the euro against the United States dollar in Germany. It includes historical exchange rate charts, yearly trends, average rates, and historical highs and lows. You can see how the USD/EUR and EUR/USD exchange rates have changed over different periods and compare historical exchange rates by year.
Historical EUR/USD Exchange Rates by Year, 2000–2026
Table 1 shows the historical development of the euro exchange rate against the United States dollar from 2000 to 2026. For every year, the annual average exchange rate is shown based on official Deutsche Bundesbank data 1. The table also includes the change from the previous year and the change compared with the first year of the period under review. The annual average exchange rate helps illustrate the broader trend of the EUR/USD currency pair without placing too much emphasis on short-term fluctuations on specific dates. Because the data for 2026 is preliminary and updated daily, only completed years from 2000 through 2025 are included in the statistical indicators used to assess long-term exchange rate trends.
In 2025, the average euro exchange rate against the United States dollar was 1.13 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.88 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with 2000, the United States dollar depreciated by 18.4 % against the euro, corresponding to an average annual decline of about 0.81 % (CAGR). Over the same period, the euro exchange rate rose by 22.6 % against the United States dollar 2. The average EUR/USD exchange rate over the entire period was 1.19 USD per 1 EUR (while the average USD/EUR exchange rate was 0.86 EUR per USD), so the latest annual average euro exchange rate is 4.7 % below the long-term average.
During the period under review, the highest annual average USD/EUR rate was 1.12 EUR per 1 USD (equivalent to 0.89 USD per 1 EUR) in 2001, while the lowest was 0.68 EUR per 1 USD (equivalent to 1.47 USD per 1 EUR) in 2008. Overall, the long-term trend indicates that the United States dollar has weakened against the euro.
Table 1: Annual changes 3 in the euro exchange rate against the United States dollar
| Year | Exchange rate 1 EUR = ... USD | Change from previous year | Change since 2000 | Exchange rate 1 USD = ... EUR | Trend EUR | Trend USD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0.92 | — iIn 2000, the average euro exchange rate against the United States dollar was 0.92 USD per 1 EUR, or 1.08 EUR per 1 USD. As this is the first year in the period under review, no year-on-year change is available. There is also no change compared with the base year 2000, as the exchange rate of 1 EUR = 0.92 USD is used as the starting point for comparison. | 0.0 % | 1.08 | ⚖ | ⚖ |
| 2001 | 0.89 | -3.0 % iIn 2001, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 0.89 USD per 1 EUR, or 1.12 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro depreciated by 3.0 % against the United States dollar, while USD appreciated by 3.1 % against the euro 2. | -3.0 % | 1.12 | ▼ | ▲ |
| 2002 | 0.95 | +6.0 % iIn 2002, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 0.95 USD per 1 EUR, or 1.05 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro appreciated by 6.0 % against the United States dollar, while USD depreciated by 5.6 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 2.7 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 2.7 %. | +2.7 % | 1.05 | ▲ | ▼ |
| 2003 | 1.14 | +19.8 % iIn 2003, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.14 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.88 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro appreciated by 19.8 % against the United States dollar, while USD depreciated by 16.5 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 23.1 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 18.7 %. | +23.1 % | 0.88 | ▲ | ▼ |
| 2004 | 1.25 | +9.8 % iIn 2004, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.25 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.80 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro appreciated by 9.8 % against the United States dollar, while USD depreciated by 8.9 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 35.2 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 26.0 %. | +35.2 % | 0.80 | ▲ | ▼ |
| 2005 | 1.24 | -0.4 % iIn 2005, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.24 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.80 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro depreciated by 0.4 % against the United States dollar, while USD appreciated by 0.4 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 34.6 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 25.7 %. | +34.6 % | 0.80 | ▼ | ▲ |
| 2006 | 1.26 | +1.3 % iIn 2006, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.26 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.79 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro appreciated by 1.3 % against the United States dollar, while USD depreciated by 1.3 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 36.4 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 26.7 %. | +36.4 % | 0.79 | ▲ | ▼ |
| 2007 | 1.37 | +9.2 % iIn 2007, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.37 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.73 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro appreciated by 9.2 % against the United States dollar, while USD depreciated by 8.4 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 48.9 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 32.8 %. | +48.9 % | 0.73 | ▲ | ▼ |
| 2008 | 1.47 | +7.1 % iIn 2008, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.47 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.68 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro appreciated by 7.1 % against the United States dollar, while USD depreciated by 6.6 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 59.4 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 37.3 %. | +59.4 % | 0.68 | ▲ | ▼ |
| 2009 | 1.39 | -5.3 % iIn 2009, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.39 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.72 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro depreciated by 5.3 % against the United States dollar, while USD appreciated by 5.6 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 50.9 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 33.7 %. | +50.9 % | 0.72 | ▼ | ▲ |
| 2010 | 1.32 | -4.9 % iIn 2010, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.32 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.75 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro depreciated by 4.9 % against the United States dollar, while USD appreciated by 5.1 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 43.6 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 30.3 %. | +43.6 % | 0.75 | ▼ | ▲ |
| 2011 | 1.39 | +5.1 % iIn 2011, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.39 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.72 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro appreciated by 5.1 % against the United States dollar, while USD depreciated by 4.9 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 50.9 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 33.7 %. | +50.9 % | 0.72 | ▲ | ▼ |
| 2012 | 1.29 | -7.3 % iIn 2012, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.29 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.77 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro depreciated by 7.3 % against the United States dollar, while USD appreciated by 7.9 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 39.9 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 28.5 %. | +39.9 % | 0.77 | ▼ | ▲ |
| 2013 | 1.33 | +3.1 % iIn 2013, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.33 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.75 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro appreciated by 3.1 % against the United States dollar, while USD depreciated by 3.0 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 44.2 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 30.7 %. | +44.2 % | 0.75 | ▲ | ▼ |
| 2014 | 1.32 | -0.7 % iIn 2014, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.32 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.76 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro depreciated by 0.7 % against the United States dollar, while USD appreciated by 0.7 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 43.2 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 30.1 %. | +43.2 % | 0.76 | ▼ | ▲ |
| 2015 | 1.10 | -16.5 % iIn 2015, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.10 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.91 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro depreciated by 16.5 % against the United States dollar, while USD appreciated by 19.7 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 19.6 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 16.4 %. | +19.6 % | 0.91 | ▼ | ▲ |
| 2016 | 1.10 | +0.0 % iIn 2016, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.10 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.91 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro appreciated by 0.0 % against the United States dollar, while USD depreciated by 0.0 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 19.6 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 16.4 %. | +19.6 % | 0.91 | ▲ | ▼ |
| 2017 | 1.14 | +3.2 % iIn 2017, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.14 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.88 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro appreciated by 3.2 % against the United States dollar, while USD depreciated by 3.1 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 23.5 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 19.0 %. | +23.5 % | 0.88 | ▲ | ▼ |
| 2018 | 1.18 | +3.4 % iIn 2018, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.18 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.85 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro appreciated by 3.4 % against the United States dollar, while USD depreciated by 3.3 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 27.7 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 21.7 %. | +27.7 % | 0.85 | ▲ | ▼ |
| 2019 | 1.12 | -5.1 % iIn 2019, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.12 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.89 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro depreciated by 5.1 % against the United States dollar, while USD appreciated by 5.4 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 21.1 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 17.4 %. | +21.1 % | 0.89 | ▼ | ▲ |
| 2020 | 1.15 | +2.6 % iIn 2020, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.15 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.87 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro appreciated by 2.6 % against the United States dollar, while USD depreciated by 2.6 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 24.3 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 19.6 %. | +24.3 % | 0.87 | ▲ | ▼ |
| 2021 | 1.18 | +2.8 % iIn 2021, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.18 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.85 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro appreciated by 2.8 % against the United States dollar, while USD depreciated by 2.8 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 27.9 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 21.8 %. | +27.9 % | 0.85 | ▲ | ▼ |
| 2022 | 1.05 | -10.8 % iIn 2022, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.05 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.95 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro depreciated by 10.8 % against the United States dollar, while USD appreciated by 12.1 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 14.1 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 12.4 %. | +14.1 % | 0.95 | ▼ | ▲ |
| 2023 | 1.08 | +2.7 % iIn 2023, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.08 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.92 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro appreciated by 2.7 % against the United States dollar, while USD depreciated by 2.7 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 17.2 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 14.7 %. | +17.2 % | 0.92 | ▲ | ▼ |
| 2024 | 1.08 | -0.3 % iIn 2024, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.08 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.93 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro depreciated by 0.3 % against the United States dollar, while USD appreciated by 0.3 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 16.9 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 14.5 %. | +16.9 % | 0.93 | ▼ | ▲ |
| 2025 | 1.13 | +4.8 % iIn 2025, the average EUR/USD exchange rate was 1.13 USD per 1 EUR, or 0.88 EUR per 1 USD. Compared with the previous year, the euro appreciated by 4.8 % against the United States dollar, while USD depreciated by 4.6 % against the euro 2. Compared with 2000, the value of the euro against the United States dollar increased by 22.6 %, while the value of the United States dollar against the euro decreased by 18.4 %. | +22.6 % | 0.88 | ▲ | ▼ |
| 2026 | 1.16 | +2.7 % iThe average exchange rate for 2026 is based on data available since the beginning of the year and is therefore preliminary. It may change as new daily exchange rates for the United States dollar are published and is not directly comparable with the final annual average exchange rates of previous years. | +25.9 % | 0.86 | ▲ | ▼ |
Euro to United States Dollar Exchange Rate Trends by Year
The following chart shows the yearly development of the euro exchange rate against the United States dollar (1 EUR = ... USD). When the bars show an upward trend and are displayed in green, this indicates that the euro is strengthening while the United States dollar is weakening against the euro. When the bars show a downward trend and are displayed in red, the United States dollar is strengthening against the euro while the euro is weakening.
Chart 1. Yearly changes in the euro exchange rate against the United States dollar
United States Dollar to Euro Exchange Rate Trends by Year
The following chart shows the yearly development of the United States dollar exchange rate against the euro (1 USD = ... EUR). When the bars show an upward trend and are displayed in green, this indicates that the United States dollar is strengthening while the euro is weakening. When the bars show a downward trend and are displayed in red, this indicates that the United States dollar is weakening while the euro is strengthening.
Chart 2. Yearly changes in the United States dollar exchange rate against the euro
Historical Exchange Rate Analysis: Euro to United States Dollar and United States Dollar to Euro
This section provides the main statistical indicators for the annual average exchange rate of the euro against the United States dollar and the United States dollar against the euro from 2000 to 2025 (direct quotation and inverse quotation). The statistics provide a quick overview of the long-term exchange rate trend, trend strength, historical range and the position of the latest annual average rate relative to previous values. The “latest annual average exchange rate” refers to the average exchange rate for the most recent completed year in the period under review, which is 2025.
- Euro to United States dollar
- United States dollar to euro
Key statistics for the euro exchange rate against the United States dollar
Key indicators | |
| Average exchange rate for the entire period | 1 EUR = 1.19 USD |
|---|---|
| Latest annual average exchange rate (2025) | 1 EUR = 1.13 USD |
| Deviation of the latest annual average from the long-term average | -4.7 % |
| Exchange rate change since 2000 | 22.6 % |
| Compound annual rate of change (CAGR) | 0.82 % |
| Change factor since 2000 | 1.2 |
Historical highs and lows | |
| Lowest annual average exchange rate | 1 EUR = 0.89 USD in 2001 |
| Highest annual average exchange rate | 1 EUR = 1.47 USD in 2008 |
| Percentage range between the historical low and high | 64.4 % |
| How far the latest annual average is below the historical high | 23.1 % |
| How far the latest annual average is above the historical low | 26.4 % |
Trend and annual changes | |
| Number of years in which the euro exchange rate increased | 15 |
| Number of years in which the euro exchange rate decreased | 10 |
| Number of years with no change | 0 |
| Largest annual appreciation of the euro | 19.8 % in 2003 |
| Largest annual depreciation of the euro | -16.5 % in 2015 |
| Most recent of the longest streaks of increases | 3 years from 2015 to 2018 |
| Most recent of the longest streaks of decreases | 2 years from 2013 to 2015 |
| Average absolute annual change | 5.4 % |
From 2000 to 2025, the average annual euro exchange rate against the United States dollar changed from 0.92 USD per EUR to 1.13 USD per EUR. Over the entire period, the EUR/USD exchange rate increased by 22.6 %, corresponding to a change by a factor of 1.2. The compound annual rate of change (CAGR) was 0.82 %. The average exchange rate for the entire period was 1.19 USD per EUR. The latest annual average rate is 4.7 % below the average for the entire period under review.
During the period under review, the lowest annual average exchange rate was 0.89 USD per EUR in 2001, while the highest was 1.47 USD per EUR in 2008. The range between the minimum and maximum reached 64.4 %. The latest annual average rate is 23.1 % below the historical maximum. The average absolute year-on-year change was 5.4 %, indicating the average magnitude of annual exchange-rate fluctuations over the entire observation period. The most recent of the longest streaks of consecutive increases lasted 3 years (2015–2018). The most recent of the longest streaks of consecutive decreases lasted 2 years. Over the period under review, years with a rising EUR/USD exchange rate were more frequent.
Key statistics for the United States dollar exchange rate against the euro
Key indicators | |
| Average exchange rate for the entire period | 1 USD = 0.86 EUR |
|---|---|
| Latest annual average exchange rate (2025) | 1 USD = 0.88 EUR |
| Deviation of the latest annual average from the long-term average | 3.3 % |
| Exchange rate change since 2000 | -18.4 % |
| Compound annual rate of change (CAGR) | -0.81 % |
| Change factor since 2000 | 1.2 |
Historical highs and lows | |
| Lowest annual average exchange rate | 1 USD = 0.68 EUR in 2008 |
| Highest annual average exchange rate | 1 USD = 1.12 EUR in 2001 |
| Percentage range between the historical low and high | 39.2 % |
| How far the latest annual average is below the historical high | 20.9 % |
| How far the latest annual average is above the historical low | 30.0 % |
Trend and annual changes | |
| Number of years in which the United States dollar exchange rate increased | 10 |
| Number of years in which the United States dollar exchange rate decreased | 15 |
| Number of years with no change | 0 |
| Largest annual appreciation of the United States dollar | 19.7 % in 2015 |
| Largest annual depreciation of the United States dollar | -16.5 % in 2003 |
| Most recent of the longest streaks of increases | 2 years from 2013 to 2015 |
| Most recent of the longest streaks of decreases | 3 years from 2015 to 2018 |
| Average absolute annual change | 5.4 % |
From 2000 to 2025, the average annual exchange rate of the United States dollar against the euro changed from 1.08 to 0.88 EUR per USD. Over the entire period, the USD/EUR exchange rate decreased by 18.4 %, corresponding to a change by a factor of 1.2. The compound annual rate of change (CAGR) over the period was -0.81 %. The average exchange rate for the entire period was 0.86 EUR per USD. The latest annual average rate is 3.3 % above the average for the entire period under review.
During the period under review, the lowest annual average exchange rate was 0.68 EUR per USD in 2008, while the highest was 1.12 EUR per USD in 2001. The range between the minimum and maximum reached 39.2 %. The latest annual average rate is 20.9 % below the historical maximum. The average absolute year-on-year change was 5.4 %, indicating the average magnitude of annual exchange-rate fluctuations over the entire observation period. The most recent of the longest streaks of consecutive increases lasted 2 years (2013–2015). The most recent of the longest streaks of consecutive decreases lasted 3 years. Over the period under review, years with a falling USD/EUR exchange rate were more frequent.
Notes on the exchange rate data
- The historical annual average euro exchange rates against the United States dollar are based on data from the Deutsche Bundesbank. The average United States dollar exchange rate for 2026 is calculated using mid-market rates available from German banks since the beginning of the year. For more information, see the page “The current United States dollar to euro exchange rate”.
- The percentage change differs between the direct and inverse exchange rate quotations, even though both describe the same currency pair. For example, if the exchange rate changes from 1 EUR = 0.89 USD to 1 EUR = 1.47 USD, the percentage change is 64.4 %. In the inverse quotation, however, the rate changes from 1 USD = 1.12 EUR to 1 USD = 0.68 EUR, which corresponds to a change of 39.2 %, not 64.4 %. This is because percentage change is always calculated relative to the starting value, and the starting values are different for the direct and inverse exchange rate quotations.
- The exchange rates shown in the table are rounded to two or three decimal places, while all statistical indicators are calculated from the underlying data to four decimal places. As a result, manual calculations based on the displayed values may produce small differences due to rounding.
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